Copper pipes are a strong, long-lasting component of many residential plumbing systems. However, homeowners may discover that their copper pipes are becoming green with time. This discoloration raises questions about whether you should replace them or if they merely are exhibiting symptoms of age. Learn more about copper pipes and what it means for your plumbing system if they turn green.
Why Copper Pipes Turn Green
Copper pipes naturally develop a greenish-blue coating known as patina due to oxidation when exposed to moisture and air. This patina forms as copper reacts with carbon dioxide and water in the environment, creating copper carbonate. While this discoloration is common, it may sometimes signal underlying issues that warrant attention.
In most cases, the green patina on copper pipes is not inherently harmful. In fact, it can act as a protective barrier, preventing further corrosion by shielding the copper beneath from additional exposure. However, green discoloration may also indicate potential problems with your plumbing system, such as persistent leaks, condensation, or water quality issues. If the patina is accompanied by signs of water damage, mold, or low water pressure, further investigation is needed to determine whether repairs are needed.
What Green Copper on Pipes Means
Copper pipes may oxidize more quickly in regions with high humidity or in moisture-prone areas of your home, such as basements or crawl spaces. The moisture accelerates corrosion, leading to the development of green or bluish-green stains on the pipe’s surface. Green pipes in your home can signal you have moisture issues. The problem may be due to poor ventilation or undetected leaks, which require attention to prevent long-term damage.
Hard water is another contributor to copper pipe discoloration. Water high in minerals like calcium and magnesium can interact with the copper, causing corrosion and leaving a greenish tint both inside and outside the pipes.
Alternatively, green discoloration may stem from contact between copper pipes and other metal plumbing components. For instance, direct contact with galvanized steel pipes can lead to galvanic corrosion, a chemical reaction that accelerates the breakdown of both metals. An example of this would be older plumbing systems where copper pipes are connected to steel pipes without using a dielectric union. A dielectric union is a specialized fitting designed to connect pipes made of different metals. These fittings prevent galvanic corrosion by using a non-conductive material as a barrier between the metals. If your home has mixed metal piping and you notice green discoloration near the connections, it’s worth having a plumber inspect the system to prevent further corrosion or leaks.
When to Worry About Green Pipes
Green copper pipes aren’t always a cause for immediate alarm. However, there are certain signs and circumstances where it should prompt further investigation.
Leaks
Leaks are one of the most noticeable indicators of failing copper pipes. If water is visibly dripping from the pipes or pooling near plumbing fixtures, it often signals damage to the pipe’s structure. Over time, corrosion can weaken the walls of copper pipes, leading to pinhole leaks. Factors such as prolonged exposure to hard water, high humidity, or incompatible materials can accelerate this deterioration.
Addressing leaks is crucial to prevent further problems. Even small leaks can lead to significant water damage, mold growth, and increased water bills if left unchecked. A professional plumber can inspect the affected area, determine the cause of the leak, and recommend the appropriate repair or replacement solution to safeguard your home.
Water Quality Issues
Green discoloration on copper does not pose an immediate health risk in most cases. The patina itself is generally not harmful, as copper is a natural material often used in plumbing systems due to its resistance to bacteria and corrosion. However, there are situations where green pipes could signal underlying issues affecting water quality.
For instance, if the discoloration results from prolonged exposure to corrosive water or incompatible materials, trace amounts of copper may leach into the water supply. While small amounts of copper are essential to human health, excessive levels can lead to an unpleasant metallic taste in the water and, in rare cases, potential health concerns such as stomach irritation.
To ensure water safety, homeowners should consider testing their water if they notice extensive green buildup on pipes. Testing is especially important if unusual tastes, odors, or cloudiness accompany the discoloration.
Low Water Pressure
Corrosion in copper pipes can create an uneven, rough interior surface, which makes it easier for substances like hair and soap scum to collect over time. As water flows through the pipes, minerals such as calcium and magnesium found in hard water can also adhere to these corroded areas. Over time, they narrow the internal diameter of the pipes, restricting water flow and causing a drop in water pressure throughout your home.
This reduction in water pressure may become noticeable as weaker water flows from faucets or as appliances, like dishwashers and washing machines, struggle to run as they should. If left unchecked, the buildup can lead to partial blockages, further diminishing water pressure and increasing strain on your plumbing system. A professional plumber can inspect your pipes to determine whether cleaning, treatment for hard water, or pipe replacement is necessary to restore proper water flow and prevent further damage.
Repairing or Replacing Copper Pipes
In some cases, there may be no need to replace the pipes entirely. For example, if the problematic corrosion is confined to a small section of the plumbing, a plumber may be able to replace just that part of the pipe rather than the entire system. If you have copper pipes throughout your home and only one or two areas are corroded, replacing those sections is more cost-effective.
Another option is the epoxy lining. Epoxy pipe lining is a relatively common and increasingly popular method for addressing corrosion and wear in residential plumbing systems. It is typically used when the pipes are not in such poor condition that they require complete replacement but still show signs of deterioration or damage.
The process is widespread for repairing older plumbing systems, where traditional pipe replacement would be expensive and disruptive. It is often used in copper, cast iron, and steel pipes to extend their lifespan by sealing faults and preventing further corrosion.
Many homeowners choose epoxy pipe lining because it is a less invasive, quicker, and more cost-effective solution compared to replacing the entire plumbing system. While it may not be suitable for extremely damaged or weakened pipes, it is a viable solution when the corrosion is localized or relatively mild.
Reach Out To Our Team
At Yellow Submarine Plumbing & Rooter, we have been serving the residents of Nanaimo, Victoria, and surrounding areas since 2019. We are expert plumbers who can address issues with copper pipes. Additionally, we can help with all your pipe replacement, drain cleaning, leak detection, and water heater needs. Contact us today to schedule an appointment with one of our experienced team members.
